In a short essay at 3quarksdaily, Scott F. Aikin and Robert B. Talisse propose that when considering the merits of such arguments, theists ought not overlook their "evil twins:" arguments with the same logical structure, but which proceed in the opposite direction.
In the spirit of Twin-Earth arguments, Clark and Chalmers (1998) do consider twin-Otto, who, unlike Otto, was wrongly told, and wrote down in his notebook, that the MOMA is on 51st street, not on 53rd street.
A similar point can be made about Putnam's twin earths argument, the externalization of semantics and teleosemantics.
The way the extended mind thesis supports content externalism seems to differ from standard Twin-Earth arguments in at least one interesting respect.
The semantic Twin Earth argument now proceeds by asking what the extension of 'water' is, as used by some Earthling, and likewise what the extension of 'water' is, as used by some Twin Earthling.
Advocates of content externalism based on Twin-Earth arguments have stressed the contribution of distant historical and/or spatial features of the (social and non-social) environment to the individuation of the contents of an individual's psychological states.
Standard Twin-Earth arguments for content externalism presuppose that an individual's brain and/or cognitive resources are kept constant throughout variations in the individual's environment relevant to establishing the contribution of the social or non-social environment to the individuation of the content of the individual's psychological state.
Independent identification of known schizophrenia related defects from the affected twin supports the argument that the observed differences between MZD twins are not random sequencing artifacts.
A woman in Bradenton, Florida, is facing assault charges after allegedly attacking her twin sister during an argument about a sex toy and the sister's boyfriend.
