Many signaling mechanisms regulating proteostasis the dynamics of protein expression and turnover including folding, processing, transport, regulation, and degradation are conserved between fly and human (Geminard et al. 2009; Karpac and Jasper 2009; Haselton and Fridell 2010; Biteau et al. 2011).
TIMP proteins also control the MMP-driven turnover and processing of growth factors as well as cytokines linked to wound repair and regeneration [8].
Cathepsins are a subtype of lysosomal acid hydrolases that participate in protein turnover, antigen processing, pro-hormone activation and, when released into the cytosol, cell death [40].
In parallel, non-coding nuclear RNAs whose turnover and/or processing needs the nuclear degradation machinery are also affected by the Ccr4-Not complex.
The eukaryotic exosome consists of multiple subunits and plays an essential role in RNA quality control, turnover and processing.
They are a family of lysosomal proteases with physiological functions in protein turnover and processing (Chapman et al, 1997).
This includes proteins involved in DNA repair and replication, protein turnover, RNA processing and chromatin organisation as well as SUMO2/3.
Although these results clearly show that endogenous cathepsin L is involved in turnover and processing of dCREG, other cellular proteinases are apparently also engaged in the latter process.
Thus FE65 influences APP degradation via the proteasome and phosphorylation of FE65 Ser by SGK1 regulates binding of FE65 to APP, APP turnover and processing.
Release of SDC-1 into the soluble fraction of the urine is dependent on a number of factors including: cellular turnover, aberrant processing in disease states, release by inflammation-associated shedding [ 10], and a shift of expression from epithelial to stromal cells in tumors [ 11].
