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Turnover of active (microbial biomass and labile substrates), slow (chemically protected), and passive (physically protected) fractions of the SOM are represented.
These two studies used different modes of administration of GH (injection, vs. endogenous overproduction in transgenics) which may result in differential rates of turnover of active GH protein that could influence growth stimulation effects.
Increased activities of SOD during the early stages of development suggest an increased turnover of active oxygen species caused by early onset of avian muscular dystrophy.
Taken together, we conclude that both shuttle cysteine residues are required for Erv1 function, and play complementary, but distinct, roles to ensure rapid turnover of active Erv1.
It has previously been reported that the catalytic activity of caspase-3 is required for its rapid turnover in HeLa cells and that stabilisation of the active complex with caspase inhibitor abrogated the turnover of active caspase-3.
The present study shows that both shuttle cysteine residues of Erv1 are required for its function, they play complementary, but distinct, roles to ensure rapid turnover of active enzyme.
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As Ira2p is a negative regulator of Ras (i.e. its deletion leads to increased Ras signaling due to decreased turnover of active-Ras) we tested other mutants in the Ras pathway that have altered signaling.
Taking active carbon (DOC + POM; high turnover rate) and intermediate carbon (s + c, S + A; low turnover rate) as indicators for carbon turnover, the proportion of active carbon increased from 17% to 39% along the chronosequence.
Collectively, these data indicated that differences in ISG expression in these BL cells are not due to a defect in the induction of gene expression by IFN-α, but rather an inability to sustain generation of ISGF3 (as in A.15 cells) or a block in the turnover of this transcriptionally active protein complex (as possible in A.2 cells).
Therefore, GA2ox is important for turnover of the physiologically active GAs, allowing precise regulation of GA concentration in plant tissues [ 4, 13].
The former is a function of the observed turnover time and the amount of active carbon in the system [40].
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