The cell turnover index (CTI) is a composite measurement of both cell proliferation and apoptosis, and provides a useful indicator of drug action on breast tumour growth.
Oxygen turnover as indicator for photosynthetic activity, was measured by means of a Hansatech (King's Lynn, UK) polarographic oxygen electrode as μM oxygen/h/mg chlorophyll.
This confirms previous observations by Sharp et al. (17) and may indicate that MA turnover is an indicator of different vascular disease activity in different eyes.
It is an extracellular marker of muscle turnover and an indicator of muscle growth rate (Lee and MacLean 2011).
However, since these methods do not directly visualize mitochondrial fate, it is possible that the observations may reflect early signs of mitochondrial dysfunction or turnover of the indicator protein, rather than clearance of the mitochondria.
In addition, it does not correspond well with biomass and does not reflect the loss caused by respiration and senescence, root production, root turnover rate, and other indicators (Dai et al. 2012; Jaana et al. 2014).
In addition to the design share in the export of all creative industry products, design can also have a positive impact on all business performance indicators; from turnover and profit to market share and competitiveness.
On the hard-line side, housing turnover is a good indicator.
Another indicator is turnover in key executive hires, as well as layoffs.
For employees, the most important internal metric we measure is voluntary turnover, which is an indicator of talent acquisition and training.
As shown in Figure 4b, the content of glycosaminoglycans, an indicator of turnover of proteoglycans, was decreased by 17% in arthritic controls compared with naive animals.
