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Our results are satisfactory compared with radiant tubes surface temperatures and observed deformation after several years of operation, obtained in Fives test center and during industrial operation.
These structures provide capillary action to wet the heat exchanger tubes surface with a thin water film leading to high heat transfer coefficients.
Tubes' surface properties demonstrate that after TAPP treatment, the wettability of the tube inner wall is well improved due to the decrease of surface roughness, the removal of surface fluorine and introduction of oxygen.
Bruker Dimension ICON-PT atomic force microscopy (AFM) micrographs (Bruker AXS, Madison, WI, USA), along with the SEM micrographs, were used to study the effect of anodization time on the tubes' surface morphology.
Furthermore, as the diameter of nanotubes becomes larger, the heat transfer to the catalyst could also be reduced as the ratio of CNT tubes surface to the volume of catalyst decreases, which in turn could result in termination of the growth process.
After incubation, freshly hatched J2s were separated from the egg masses and collated in Eppendorf tubes, surface sterilized with 0.5% NaOCl for 2 minutes, and rinsed five times with sterilized distilled water, and used for infection experiments.
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The tube surface is resistant to adhesion of activated platelets unlike planar control titania and smooth PDMS surfaces.
Analytical microscopy was performed on the tube surface before and after the experiments to see the effect of seawater fouling on the tube surface.
The flow regime is laminar and the temperature of the tube surface is constant.
The local heat transfer law between vibrated fluidized bed and horizontal tube surface has been investigated.
Results show that dimples on tube surface present high heat transfer performance.
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