Exact(3)
What is proved must be so related to what is inferred in the case of a true presumption as to be at least a warning signal according to the teachings of experience.
If, however, one rightly thinks P is the case, but did "not [first] ascertain with a pramāṇa" (tshad mas ma nges pa) the characteristics of Q, R, this is deemed to be, in Geluk (dge lugs) texts, a "true presumption where the [character of the] reason was not determined" (Tib.
But the Supreme Court would in subsequent cases articulate and apply the rational-basis test in a manner that afforded the government's actions an effectively irrebuttable presumption of constitutionality (really, not a true presumption at all).
Similar(57)
(distinguishing true "presumptions" from "permissible inferences").
Unless otherwise specified, "presumption" will be used herein to "permissible inferences," as well as to "true" presumptions.
If it were broadly true that the presumption of innocence overrides every other presumption except those of sanity and knowledge of the law, it would be impossible to convict in any case upon circumstantial evidence, since the gist of such evidence is that certain facts may be inferred or presumed from proof of other facts.
It is true that the presumption of law is that the majority of the court are right and that I am wrong, yet, in the face of this presumption, and the positiveness with which the views of the majority are asserted, I cannot yield my convictions the other way, which were never clearer or stronger in any case.
"They felt they had to say something, but it was lacking in tact or true compassion; the moral presumption is insufferable.
If this presumption is true, then the effectiveness of surgical treatment could depend on the effectiveness in pinpointing critically diseased brain, which in turn depends on the most accurate detection of pathological oscillations.
If that's true, please forgive my presumption and ignore this letter.
The true issue is the presumption that acting out a supposedly noble, charitable cause also renders one inherently innocent of any wrongdoing.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com