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A surrogate endpoint should be a true predictor of disease, not reflection of a co-variable.
The sustained predictive ability of the post-treatment, pain-intensity-only model suggests that this variable is very likely a true predictor of future pain and would very likely be predictive of pain intensity in further studies carried out in similar populations.
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In such settings, there is a need for simple yet flexible methods for selecting true predictors of adverse health responses from a high-dimensional set of candidate predictors.
By this, the uncertainties researchers commonly face when knowledge of the true predictors of outcome is lacking, were illustrated.
Therefore, the presence of these factors before the onset of shoulder pain is likely and they could be true predictors of shoulder pain and disorders, and a reverse causal association is less likely.
However, because we did not have PWA measures at baseline and cannot be certain that these factors are true predictors of incidence, it seems likely that cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy may exert a major pathophysiological role in the development of arterial stiffening.
Thus for the mouse, the size range was a reliable predictor of true full-length proteins.
Growth alone is no longer a reliable predictor of valuation.
In the case of correlation between a redundant variable and a true predictor, the probability of not selecting a redundant variable was 0.95 to 1 for Bayesian model averaging while for stepwise regression it was between 0.7 and 0.9, depending on the effect size of the true predictor.
We compared the selection methods in terms of the probability of selecting a true predictor and the probability of not selecting a redundant variable.
For each method, we estimated the probability of selecting a true predictor as the proportion of cases where a true predictor was selected and the probability of not selecting a redundant variable as the proportion of cases where a redundant variable was not selected.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com