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As a consequence the estimated diffusion parameters will be biased, underestimating the true diffusion.
These two values are similar, and the true diffusion coefficient would be between the two.
The average absolute error is calculated between estimated and true diffusion coefficients.
Figure 6 shows the average absolute error between estimated and true diffusion coefficient values depending on the rate constant k1 for the EC mechanism.
The heat of absorption is 80 kJ (g atom H −1 and the true diffusion coefficient D0 is 4 × 10−13 cm2s−1 at 20°C.
ADC alone can be considered a biomarker of brain ischaemia as it allows differentiation between the two main causes of increased DWI signal in acute stroke [15]: "true" diffusion restriction and T2 signal elongation.
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This allows the determination of several different parameters, namely: D, the true molecular diffusion coefficient; D*, the perfusion-related fast diffusion coefficient, which correlates with blood flow; and f, the perfusion fraction, which is linked to the blood volume within tissue [18, 27, 28, 29].
In such cases, the result of the ADC model simply corresponds to the calculation of D, which is the true water diffusion coefficient, reflecting both intra- and extracellular molecular diffusion.
The ADC value in biological tissues represents water proton motion, which is mainly determined by both the true water diffusion and capillary perfusion.
The ADC value quantifies water proton motion, which in biological tissues is a combination of true water diffusion and capillary perfusion.
Structures that are inherently of low T2W SI will appear dark on the ADC map because of an inherently low T2W SI (T2 "black-hole" effect) and not from true restricted diffusion (Figs. 1 and 2).
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