This protocol is a form of selection synchrony: it synchronizes a population by selecting those members that are at the peaks and troughs of a cycle of fluorescence intensity, rather than by applying a stimulus that alters the phase of the oscillations until all members of the population have the same phase (induction synchrony or entrainment).
When savers sell en masse at the trough of an investment cycle, they will lose tons of money.
Also, since the volume of returning water varies with the size of the waves, the swimmer who waits for a low-water trough or a cycle of low waves before standing up to walk to shore may encounter the return flow from large waves just gone by and again experience a seemingly strong current.
"We think the shares look cheap for the trough of the cycle, and will be looking to move towards a more positive recommendation after the results," he added.
Going into another crisis of this scale, absolute capital levels would need to be at least double the existing minimum level to avoid breaching that floor at the trough of the cycle.
Bank credit to the non-financial private sector in the Spanish economy has slowed sharply, from annual growth rates well above 20%% in 2007 to negative figures registered at the trough of this cycle.
MOB: month of birth; MOC: month of conception; MAX: peak of solar cycle; MIN: trough of solar cycle; UVR: ultraviolet radiation.
Delivering light near the peak of the cycle during the encoding stage resulted in improved memory performance, as did delivering light near the trough of the cycle during the retrieval stage.
The amplitude of cyclic expression was highly correlated with mean expression level (r > 0.7) and, on average, was only half the size of the mean, indicating that most cycling genes are expressed at some constitutive level even during the trough of the cycle.
Although stock prices and earnings move up and down violently, dividends have been more reliable, typically falling from the peak of a cycle to its trough by only one-tenth in real terms.
