The analysis of trough concentration level on the basis of this time lag did not highlight any variation (Fig. 2).
All the patients in ATN group used tacrolimus, and their mean trough concentration level was lower than that in control group and AR group.> -wrap-foot> Note: sCr, serum creatinine; Hb, hemoglobin; MAP, mean arterial pressure; CsA, cyclosporine A; NA, not applicable.
One possible explanation for these side effects is the multiple peaks and troughs in plasma concentration levels observed with treatment regimens consisting of multiple doses per day [ 54].
One possible explanation for these side effects are the multiple peaks and troughs in plasma concentration levels with the multiple dose per day dosing schedule required for mean therapeutic plasma levels.
Simulations from the shedding model predicted an inverse dependence of the trastuzumab trough concentration on the shed ECDHER2 serum levels, with a dramatic decrease in the simulated trough level of trastuzumab when plasma ECDHER2 concentration was in the range of 500 1,000 ng/ml.
We are aiming for the lower levels, that is, between 0.3 ng/ml (median trough concentration) and 0.7 ng/ml (maximal concentration), because higher plasma concentration levels increases the risk of adverse events, including hypotension.
129 For example, during the third trimester of pregnancy, the mean difference in plasma levels, AUC, and trough concentration in NFV-treated participants was significantly (P < 0.01) lower in pregnant compared with nonpregnant women.
For patients with measurable HACA at baseline, mean serum adalimumab trough concentrations ranged from 1 to 4 µg/ml, which is lower than those achieved in patients without measurable HACA levels and below the typical trough concentration for 40 mg eow (data not shown).
We found a plasma trough concentration of oxa- or cloxacillin above the target level for a large proportion of patients and a quarter of them experienced side effects that were attributed to the high antibiotic concentration.
