Pakistan also fields a large army, with thousands of troops at the border, backed by medium-range ballistic missiles that carry nuclear warheads, just like India's.
Their tactic was this: to successfully march or retreat, the general brings his troops together in an outward facing square with their supplies and wounded in the middle and the strongest troops at the front and back.
During recent debates over the withdrawal timetable, he pushed to bring back the troops at the earliest possible date, next April, according to officials, and countered arguments by Mr. Gates and Mrs. Clinton to leave a large part of the additional troops in place until the end of 2012.
They headed for a building at the back still occupied by Ukrainian troops, resisting the Russian onslaught.
At its peak, 6,000 Guard troops at the border helped build roads and fences in addition to backing up law enforcement officers.
Cadwalader's force was pursued by Percy's troops at the same time the troops opposing Stirling's landing were also being chased back to the fort.
As for troops at the front?
If any of his team-mates, trooping at his back, harboured doubts, then the sight of their talisman driving them on was enough to fuel their conviction.
The group was back rallying the troops at Maroubra Juniors club the night before the Wentworth byelection, which the Liberals lost to the independent and gay rights campaigner Kerryn Phelps.
"Out in the field, we were held together by fear, but once the troops were back at base the old divisions, black and white, would come back".
Washington believed by stationing men on the heights that heavy casualties could be inflicted on the British before the troops fell back to the main defenses at Brooklyn Heights.
