While the increase in profile density caused by ethanol exposure, when averaged across the three ages, was 12.7 fold, the fold-increase was19.44, 15.27 and 8.45 for the early, mid and late third trimester ages respectively.
Eligibility for this trial included pregnant women with asthma who had used any inhaled bronchodilator or anti-inflammatory agent for asthma within the previous 12 months, were attending antenatal clinics in first or second trimester, aged 18 years or older and able to communicate in English.
Extensive assessments were carried out during the first trimester (gestational age <18 weeks), second trimester (gestational age 18 25 weeks) and third trimester (gestational age >25 weeks), including physical examinations, questionnaires, interviews and biological samples.
The second self-administered questionnaire elicited information on active maternal smoking status in the first (≤ 15 weeks' gestation), second (16 27 weeks' gestation), and third (≥ 28 weeks' gestation) trimesters; gestational age; birth weight; and baby's gender.
The second self-administered questionnaire elicited information on active maternal smoking status in the first (≤ 15 weeks' gestation), second (16 27 weeks' gestation), and third (≥ 28 weeks' gestation) trimesters; gestational age at birth; birth weight; and baby's gender.
We did not perform a subanalysis among gestational weeks; however, most of our samples were taken in week 11 or 12, thus narrowing the first-trimester gestational age range.
Savvidou et al. (22) recently reported that in the first trimester, advanced maternal age, gestational age, higher BMI, Asian ethnicity, history of GDM, and family history of type 2 diabetes were useful in identifying women who went on to later develop GDM.
Socio-economic characteristics associated with increased ORs of second trimester abortion were: age < 19 years, being single, widowed or divorced, attending school, being unemployment, being nullipara or para 3+, and having low education.
If the environmental pollutant considered can restrict fetal growth as early as the first trimester, correcting gestational age using first-trimester ultrasound measurements will erroneously shorten the gestational age of these small-for-gestational-age fetuses.
Risk factors were third trimester, younger maternal age, severe dehydration, and vomiting.
