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Harvey, C. D. et al. The spread of Ras activity triggered by activation of a single dendritic spine.
The conversion of stem cells/preadipocytes to adipocytes can be triggered by activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) [ 13], and can be inhibited by the Wnt signaling pathway and preadipocyte factor 1 (pref-1) [ 14].
The neural activity driven astrocytic Ca2+ surge is triggered by activation of metabotropic neurotransmitter receptors, which leads to production of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3), and thereby to release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) [3].
Finally, the authors did not mention in the article and may be unaware that there is increased Toll-like receptor (TLR) activity in patients with T1D, and the TNF pathway is triggered by activation of certain TLRs (3).
Neuroinflammation triggered by activation of glial cells plays an important role in the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD).
In Drosophila, males instinctively pursue females with a lengthy and elaborate courtship ritual triggered by activation of sexually dimorphic P1 interneurons.
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It was also reported that microglial activation is triggered by the activation of TLRs or by signals from apoptotic cells [25].
NF-κB is a transcription factor that is triggered by TLR activation and causes the nuclear activation of inflammatory genes involved in sepsis.
Autophagy-induction in response to energetic stress is triggered by the activation of AMPK-activated protein kinase (AMPK 5, 6, a key, evolutionarily conserved energy sensor.
The apparently mutually exclusive responses triggered by P2X7R activation likely rely on the two different activations states that P2X7R may have depending on the level of activation.
We also agree that spiking triggered by CsChrimson activation, however, might not necessarily mirror optogenetic activation across all tested lines.
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