Serum Mb concentration did not change significantly after exercise (P = 0.16, F = 2.23, partial η 2 = 0.18), with no significant difference between the trials (interaction: P = 0.32, F = 1.09, partial η 2 = 0.10).
Similarly, exercise increased significantly blood glucose concentration (main effect for time: P = 0.00, F = 19.2, partial η 2 = 0.66), with no significant difference between the two trials (interaction: P = 0.18, F = 1.61, partial η 2 = 0.14, main effect for trial: P = 0.40, F = 0.76, partial η 2 = 0.07).
As both host studies were randomised controlled trials interaction terms were fit into a regression model to test for any respective trial effects on the outcome variables.
However, analyzing the 18 extinction trials as repeated measures, the overall difference in freezing was statistically significant, F 1,38) = 17.9, P < .001, but the rate of extinction learning, reflected by the slopes of the extinction curves (the phenotype × trials interaction), was not significantly different between phenotypes, F(17,646) = 0.627, P = .87.87
WM performance (see Figure 1A) was similar in the two groups of pigs (F1,14 = 0.02, p = 0.8939) and improved with training (Blocks of trials: F25,350 = 7.41, p < 0.0001) similarly in the two groups of pigs (Pig breed X Blocks of trials interaction: F25,350 = 1.10, p = 0.3607).
As is shown in Figure 1D, the conventional pigs gained their first reward faster than the Göttingen minipigs (F1,14 = 12.39, p < 0.0034), but pigs in both groups became quicker in finding the food reward in the course of training (Blocks of trials: F25,350 = 12.61, p < 0.0001) (Pig breed X Blocks of trials interaction: F25,350 = 1.67, p = 0.0252).
Significant group by trial interaction effects was found for systolic blood pressure following administration of verbal fluency [F 1,54) = 5.86, p < 0.05] and nonverbal fluency stressors [F 1,54) = 13.68, p < .001].001]
There was also a significant condition-by-trial interaction, F 3,153) = 13.87, p < .001, η 2 = 0.21, 1-β = .99: In the static-images condition, only performance on big/heavy = fast trials (M = .74) was lower than all other trials (Ms = .99).99
The difference between groups was significant (group effect, F1,14 = 10.1, p<0.01; group × trial interaction, F2,28 = 3.6, p<0.05), thus showing that for a perceptually difficult color discrimination, associating quinine with the CS− facilitates discrimination by free-flying honeybees.
As expected, the size of the correspondence effect in trial n (mean RT on incongruent trials mean RT on congruent trials) was smaller when trials were preceded by an incongruent trial than when trials were preceded by a congruent trial (interaction prime-target correspondence in trial n and prime-target correspondence trial n-1, F 1,41) = 78.8; p<0.001).
Again, the size of the correspondence effect in trial n (mean error rate on incongruent trials mean error rate on congruent trials) was smaller when trials were preceded by an incongruent trial than when trials were preceded by a congruent trial (interaction prime-target correspondence in trial n and prime-target correspondence in trial n-1, F 1,41) = 58.9; p<0.001).
