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For single-arm trials, a sample size of 30 was used; for two-arm trials, 150 (75 per arm) was used.
On the basis of means, standard deviations and achieved levels of physical activity from previous trials, a sample size of 880 participants was required to detect a minimum of 7% change in the proportion of women reaching the target level of 150 minutes of moderate- or vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, allowing for a 10% attrition rate (α = 0.05, 80% power) [ 12, 29].
Training and testing of animals involved daily sessions (five sessions a week) comprised of two trials: a sample trial (in which the rat was guided to the platform), and a test trial in which all arms were open (see Figure 1; see [ 47] for more details).
Based on means, standard deviations and change from previous trials, a sample of 70 per group would have at least 90% power at the 0.05 level of significance to detect a true difference in the change between the two groups of 2 points on the SPPB, 1 point on the Geriatric Depression Scale and 10 points in the Physical Component Score of the SF-36 [ 41].
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Sensitivity analyses were robust (see Additional file 6) by excluding unpublished trials, trials with a sample size less than 40 and trials with unclear randomization procedure.
In each trial, a sample is drawn from the maximum entropy distribution and its G value is compared to the G value of the empirical distribution.
To address the aims of a pilot trial a sample size justification is required.
On each trial, a sample stimulus was presented on the left side of a computer screen and two comparison stimuli presented on the right.
Since this was a phase I/II clinical trial, a sample size of 30 50 was considered prudent for this study.
At the start of this trial, a sample size of 250 persons was selected to provide 80% power to detect a reduction in the incidence of a defined set of acute complications from 30%to15%5% at p=0.05.
In this trial, a sample of families of 5th 7th grade students from three school districts were randomly assigned to MSFP, the original SFP program, or a wait-list control group and completed pre- and post-intervention self-report assessments.
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