Salman Butt and Mohammad Asif are now in the hands of a six-woman and six-man jury after the judge in the spot-fixing trial instructed them to retire to consider their verdict.
ERPs were recorded in three tasks where directional cues presented at the beginning of each trial instructed participants to direct their attention to the cued side without eye movements (Covert task), to prepare an eye movement in the cued direction without attention shifts (Saccade task) or both (Combined task).
We measured BOLD activations in classical conditions in which these free and instructed actions were defined in the objective, classical way, either leaving the response choice to the participant (free trials), or fully specifying the required response in each trial (instructed trials).
One exception to this came in a series of studies employing a instructed strategy task in which a cue on each trial instructed the animal whether to switch from its previous required response and therefore could not be solved using a reward-stay/no reward-shift strategy (Tsujimoto et al., 2009; Tsujimoto et al., 2010).
Numerous studies have used attentional cueing procedures, where symbolic attentional precues such as left-pointing and right-pointing arrows presented at the start of each trial instruct participants to shift their attentional focus covertly (that is, without moving their eyes) towards a cued location in anticipation of task-relevant visual events.
The color of the border cued subjects to attend to either the face (red) or the house (blue) and changed every few trials, instructing the subject to shift attention from the face to the house or vice versa (shift trial).
Ms. Crenshaw said that seemingly secular activity could have been part of a ruse, noting that a training manual cited in the embassy bombing trials instructed suicide bombers: "When you're in the outer world, you have to act like them, dress like them, behave like them".
The IF group participants were, prior to internal focus trials, instructed with the feedback that the moving point on the feedback screen represented their body centre of gravity.
The division of that jury was not known; the trial judge instructed the jurors not to speak with reporters.
This March, an appeals court overturned the assault conviction, ruling that the judge at Ms. Wells's assault trial had instructed the jury improperly.
