We used this approach because CaFHS administration officers recruited mothers to the trial in the course of their normal work responsibilities, and because this trial was pragmatic by design we judged this method as being desirable because it demonstrated that randomisation could be done within normal workflows.
Each mouse received one trial, in the course of which the subject was placed into one of the three arms and allowed free exploration of the maze for 5 min. The number of arm entries and the number of alternations were recorded to calculate the percentage of alternation.
The magnitude of the effect was less than previously reported (Giannakou et al., 2004) but is consistent with more recent work in our laboratory (Giannakou et al., 2008) and with six other independent trials performed in the course of the last 4 years (2008 2012, average median extension 5%; Figure S1B).
The two groups of pigs completed the trials at a similar speed across all trial blocks (F1,14 = 1.31, p = 0.2708), and trials became shorter in the course of learning (Blocks of trials: F25,350 = 6.51, p < .0001) in both groups of pigs (Pig breed X Blocks of trials interaction: F25,350 = 0.66, p = 0.8910).
Ultimately Stewart and Bacanovic were indicted and put on trial for lying in the course of the investigation, though not for insider trading.
It has been suggested that the mere participation in a trial influences the course of symptoms [ 8, 9].
While epidemiological evidence for these protective factors is quite strong, evidence that adopting them is effective in preventing AD is less sound or even negative, probably because they have been applied in trials too late in the course of the disease and for too short a period of time.
"We were made aware of Mr Perepilichnyy's link as a witness in an ongoing trial during the course of the investigation," the police said.
Most trials (42%), hereafter named 'coherence' trials, included a 1% motion coherence increase per second, with the onset of coherence beginning at different times (0 sec, 4.5 sec or 9 sec from trial onset) during the course of the trial in order to prevent subjects from predicting the onset of motion coherence.
Thus, CADCs can address the urgent need to identify subjects at high risk of AD for prevention trials and very early in the course of AD for clinical trials of disease modification.
Fourth, the trial was conducted entirely in the course of usual clinic visits, without a study coordinator who might have added rigor to the results.
