We aimed to assess the empirical evidence that such a trial effect exists.
Sanitation, hygiene and infant nutrition efficacy (SHINE) Trial: effect on tropical enteropathy, anemia and growth in young children in rural Zimbabwe.
McCallum, R. W. & Cynshi, O. Clinical trial: effect of mitemcinal (a motilin agonist) on gastric emptying in patients with gastroparesis a randomized, multicentre, placebo-controlled study.
To investigate how often systematic reviewers encounter multiple trial effect estimates that are available for inclusion in a particular meta-analysis (multiplicity of results) and the methods they use to select effect estimates.
From a review of the literature, the aim of this work was to provide an overview of the specific methodological features of economic evaluations alongside international clinical trials: analysis of efficacy data from several countries, collection of resources and real costs, methods to establish the monetary value of resources, methods to aggregate results accounting for the trial effect.
Results: The heterogeneity of trial designs and the use of different comparators necessitated a Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis with three models: (a) random trial effect and fixed treatment effects, (b) random trial and treatment effects, (c) random trial and treatment effects with trial variance unknown.
In all other cases, the trial effect was therefore not included into the general additive regression model (Table 8).
All specimens were grown on the same site; however, they were grown during different time periods which are confounded with the effect of the two provenances and hence are included as a trial effect.
There is also a possibility of having a trial effect in the IPTi study cohort.
All groups showed a significant trial effect demonstrating that some groups learned while others did not (F5,175 = 280.22, p<0.0001).
This trial effect was observed in all mice, although its magnitude was more difficult to evaluate in R6/1 males, due to their low initial levels of sociability.
