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The tri-level model is proposed based on leader-follower games as defender-attacker-defender framework.
The obtained results show that tri-level metaheuristics are effective approaches to solve the underlying tri-level models in large scale network.
Further work is necessary to extend these results to inclusion probabilities from the proposed tri-level models.
The authors showed that the proposed tri-level programming model could be transformed into a bi-level programming one to be solved by methods at hand.
A tri-level optimization model for electric power system defense is presented in [13] which can identify critical elements in power grid to defend against unpredictable attacks.
We introduce a two-stage tri-level optimization model with a rolling horizon to address the uncertain demand and lead time regardless of their underlying distributions.
We then turn our attention to the geometry of the solution space and present a vertex enumeration algorithm to solve the resulting tri-level decision model.
Lastly, a computational study is developed to illustrate how the proposed tri-level decision model and solution approach can handle the decentralized VMI problem.
Xu et al. (2013) developed a tri-level programming model for the three-stage supply chain management based on the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) measure of risk management.
Power grid vulnerability is a major concern of our society, and its protection problem is often formulated as a tri-level defender attacker defender model.
Our computational results suggest that the performances of these models are either consistently inferior or highly sensitive to cost parameters (such as holding cost and shortage cost), whereas the new tri-level optimization model almost always results in the lowest total cost in all parameter settings.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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