Prior to determine the optimum angle for a particular target petrophysical log, each single ln EEI and petrophysical target logs were decomposed into the trend background and the relative components, following proposed economics techniques as in Ball et al. (2014) and Hodrick and Prescott (1997).
Alternative functions for modeling natural gas price trends and background on what drives regional natural gas prices are highlighted in EIA (2014) and Weijermars (2013).
Long-term trends and background seasonal patterns are accounted for as part of the confounder model so that regular patterns (i.e. cold weather and high norovirus incidence both occur in winter) are not inferred to be causal.
This approach provides the tightest possible control for differences and trends in background mortality by ethnicity and deprivation.
45 Moreover, we adjusted trends for background changes in non-MVR injury admissions, which would have been most affected by changes to ED department waiting times.
In the absence of trends in background incidence, greater sensitivity will result in higher cancer detection rates at screening and lower interval cancer rates.
Interval cancer rates can provide information on the sensitivity of the screening test, the natural history of the disease and on appropriate screening intervals, and they will also be affected by trends in background incidence.
Although there is inconsistency in the age-dependent trends for background dicentrics [ 74], some studies including that of Ramsey et al. [ 75], show an increasing frequency of aberrations from the newborn to the very old.
Survival for the least affluent remains substantially lower than for the most affluent, even after adjustment for the differences and trends in background mortality among deprivation categories; without that adjustment, the observed difference in survival would be even greater.
