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(A "trend" is defined as a consistent shift over 30 years).
A trend is defined as "a prevailing tendency or inclination".
The trend is defined and visualized by plotting autism prevalence vs. birth year, which permits direct comparison with trends in environmental factors, given assumption 1 above.
For the purposes of this study, 'use' of TREND is defined and operationalised as the reference, within a published article, to TREND being referred to, to inform or guide the planning, conduct and/or reporting of the research study and results.
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We used a P value ≤0.01 to determine significance; a trend was defined as a P value ≤0.05.
The diagnostic trend was defined by a parameter α, representing the annual percentage decrease in the number of missed cases, working backwards in time from 1997, in which diagnosis was assumed to be essentially complete (98%).
Statistical significance was reached with a two-sided p-value <0.05; trends were defined by a p-value <0.10.
Specifically, the degrees of freedom (df) per year for time trends were defined for ED visits (df = 4).
Specifically, the trend component is defined as: {mu}_t={mu}_{t-1}+{beta}_{t-1}+{eta}_t, mathrm{where} {eta}_tsim mathrm{N}IDleft 0,{sigma}_{eta}^2right), {sigma}_{eta}^2=0 (2)where β t is the slope of the trend which is defined as : {beta}_t={beta}_{t-1}+{zeta}_t mathrm{where} {zeta}_tsim NIDleft 0,{sigma}_{zeta}^2right), {sigma}_{zeta}^2=0 (3).
The previous GSTA method performs quite poorly, in that no trend vector is defined around the braided channels, despite direct observations of the sediment transport by a fluvial flooding event in July 2011 (Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 12).
Trend accuracy is defined as the degree to which an estimate of the rate of change in blood glucose concentration over a given time interval approximates the true rate of change.
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