Exact(4)
The CNV-focused single cell approach applied here might only uncover a tip of the iceberg in the recently reported background of extensive chromosomal instability in human cleavage-stage embryos [19] and will help to understand how cell linage trees evolve [20].
When trees evolve under this model, the root becomes unidentifiable (different root locations may give rise to the same joint distribution at the leaves, [ 10]) and, as a consequence, one can only expect to reconstruct unrooted trees.
Gene trees evolve within the species tree, in a backwards process described by the MSC; thus, lineages "coalesce" on the branches of the tree, as they move from the leaves of the species tree towards the root.
Interestingly, the sites pleading for the "alter-ER" trees evolve significantly faster than the sites pleading for the "ER" trees (mean evolutionary rates of 1.20 and 0.90, p-value < 10-5 with a Wilcoxon-test or p < 0.001 with a an unpaired t-test).
Similar(4)
Where conditions remained relatively moist but temperatures dropped in winter, deciduous trees evolved from evergreen rainforest ancestors.
In areas that became much more dry though not to the extent that tree development was inhibited and only scrubland or desert environments were favoured sclerophyllous trees evolved.
The plan for a series of finger islands arranged in the shape of palm trees evolved as the best way to maximize the amount of beach front, he said.
The study, published earlier this year, found that the underground trees evolved surprisingly recently.
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