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See Firpo et al. (2009) for a technical treatment of this method.
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Long's book provides a detailed treatment of the methods of this evolutionary branch of biorobotics and may therefore be particularly informative and stimulating for roboticists and biologists who have never reflected on how robots might be used for such a purpose.
A detailed treatment of the methods used in this work is given in the Methods section.
The first report of effectively treatment with this method of basal cell carcinoma of the skin was published in 1904 (Goldberg and London).
Most respondents (85.1%) cited disinfection as their preferred method of treatment; this method was followed by filtration (9.9%) and boiling (3.8%).
When applied in the context of treatment design, this method provides the means to evaluate both the therapeutic and diagnostic effects of treatments in constructing an adaptive treatment strategy.
In the case of two treatments, the predictability of this method is calculated for different numbers of factors, different numbers of levels of each factor and for different proportions of the population at each level.
However, in clinical situations, external medicines are not typically used as a main conservative treatment because the efficacy of this method in humans remains unclear due to the possibility of a placebo effect.
As the study's aim was not to investigate the efficacy of a particular treatment, this method seemed appropriate to test the WDQ-G's discriminatory performance.
Given the importance of a method that may potentially help remove confounding from nonrandomized treatment effect estimates, further investigation of this method by multiple research groups is clearly warranted.
Thirty-two per cent of sampled records were missing some data and we imputed missing data using multiple imputation by chained equations [ 17] and, in less than 1% of cases, standard treatment guidelines when this method failed.
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