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Silicon and other semiconducting materials are usually deposited by vaporization or chemical processes, creating extremely thin films that can then be etched, doped or otherwise treated to form part of an integrated circuit.
Polyimide (PI) substrates were spin coated with Ag ion ink and were subsequently heat treated to form AgNP coatings.
HA coating was applied by a simple two-step conversion coating process, where phosphate conversion coating (PCC) is alkali treated to form HA coating.
It was also reported previously that even a non-soluble metal that contains no calcium or phosphorus can be an osteoinductive material when treated to form an appropriate macrostructure and microstructure [5].
After irradiation, the surface of the micro-channel and through hole were again treated to form anodic oxide film and the surface of the micro-electrode was treated electrochemically to provide an Au layer.
In this study, the ferritic/martensitic steel HT-9 was processed and heat treated to produce one specimen with a large grained ferritic microstructure and further heat treated to form a second specimen with a fine tempered martensitic lath structure and exposed to an ion beam and tested after irradiation using nanoindentation to investigate the irradiation induced changes in mechanical properties.
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Then, the samples are treated by thermal annealing process to form Schottky contacts.
An ultrahigh-carbon steel was heat-treated to form an in situ composite consisting of a fine-grained ferritic matrix with 34 vol.% submicron spheroidized cementite particles.
The sensor is synthesized based on the self-assembly of green QDs onto treated spores to form QD@spore nanocomposites.
As a result, laws that discriminate against gays and lesbians are often treated to the most lenient form of judicial scrutiny, rational basis review.
Most of the output is burned to phosphoric anhydride and subsequently treated with water to form phosphoric acid, H3PO4.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com