We assessed the accuracy of ARGOS locations for free-ranging pinnipeds by comparing ARGOS locations to Fastloc GPS locations (matched closely in time, but also interpolated for improved accuracy), which we treated as true locations.
Finally, like previous studies, the present study may have actually underestimated the true medical charges of pediatric TBIs as TBIs treated at locations outside of the hospital network would have been missed.
Each pile along its length was sub-divided into three sections that were treated as three parallel locations to minimize spatial heterogeneity of gas and compost sampling.
Due to minor differences in measurements of anthropometry and physical activity between centres in Germany, UK and Sweden, centres from these countries were treated as individual study locations (Potsdam, Heidelberg, Oxford, Cambridge, Umeå, Malmö) in all analyses.
In this control analysis, whenever an object was localized far from its original location but closer to the original location of another object, the closest location was treated as if it was the object's original location.
This analysis controls for swap errors because whenever a swap occurs, it is treated as if the swapped location is in fact the object's original location.
We first explored the reliability of the SAM at accurately estimating the origins of our georeferenced samples by a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure in which each sample in turn was treated as the sample whose location was unknown, whereas the other samples were assumed to have known location.
The pain response in this location (maximal pain location) was treated as a separate summary variable in the analysis (and it is the pain scores in this specific location we have displayed graphically).
For example, if location treated as a hard constraint, then the search space could be significantly reduced (see Table2).
All factors were treated as fixed variables, including location, because of previously reported differences in regional seroprevalence rates.
