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A comparison of their electro-optical responses revealed the presence of an ionic trapping contribution to the kinetics of the coloring sites, which was named here as coloring ionic trapping state.
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As we have assumed the same value of non-radiogenic trapped 40Ar/36Ar (i.e., 0.143), the correction for trapped contribution in measured 40Ar is higher for Plag#10 and Plag#14, owing to their higher abundance of 36Ar.
The 40Ar/39Ar ages are determined after correcting measured 40Ar for non-radiogenic trapped contribution.
The open symbols represents 40Ar/39Ar ages calculated without any correction in measured 40Ar for trapped contribution (e.g., Norman et al. 2006; Fernandes et al. 2013).
For example, Plag#14 has the lowest 40Ar/39Ar age (~3.96 Ga, Fig. 4), if measured 40Ar is corrected using the trapped contribution ((40Ar/36Ar t = 0.146), obtained from the y-intercept on the (40Ar/36Ar m vs. (39Ar/36Ar m diagram.
As to the concave bending type, the significant improvement of power conversion efficiency (129% better than flat type, and 161% better than convex type) is observed from a large device current, which is related to the contribution of light trapping enhancement.
Using this system and spin trapping technique, we studied spatial contribution of the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) radical generation in wheat leaves and got a clear 3D ESRI picture and CT (computed tomography) of NO of a wheat leaf.
The annihilation channels were parameterized exploring formalism of unconstrained x3-term decomposition (under normalized component intensities I 1 + I 2 + I 3 = 1.00), assuming separated contributions of positron trapping from one kind of defects (two-state trapping [1 3, 13, 14]) and Ps decaying through picking up an electron from the environment [1, 2, 13, 15].
But more importantly, no parasitic linear regime is observable at cryogenic temperature due to the freezing of defects and trap levels contribution to this process.
This model considers the reflection from the entire solar spectrum, bulk absorption, and the contribution of the rear surface to light trapping.
All three have made enormous contributions to the science of atom cooling and trapping.
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