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In most surface trap experiments, the laser path is parallel to the trap surface.
For cooling trapped ions by a laser parallel to the trap surface, the principal axis in a radial plane should be rotated.
Using imaging polarimetry, we measured the reflection-polarization characteristics of the photovoltaic trap surface demonstrating the optical reason for the polarotactic attractiveness to horseflies.
(2) The horseflies trying to touch or land on the photovoltaic trap surface are perished by the mechanical hit of a wire rotated quickly with an electromotor supplied by the photovoltaics-produced electricity.
Previous studies showed that fungal recognition of the nematode was mediated by lectins on the trap surface [ 38].
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The authors develop a conceptual model of sediment carbon fate in karst terrain with specific emphasis upon phreatic karst conduits, i.e., those located below the groundwater table that have the potential to trap surface-derived sediment and turnover carbon.
In Figure 4, measured areas are shown for a calibration grating, a microchip surface and a solar cell light-trapping surface.
In this work, the time constants are higher than those reported elsewhere because of the defect trapping (surface vacancy) in this process.
The dynamical apparent horizon, a marginally trapped surface with vanishing expansion can be determined by the equality (h^{ij}partial _{i}R_mathrm{A}partial _{j}R_mathrm{A}=0).
Apart from the function such as micro-hydrodynamic bearings, lubrication reservoir and debris traps, surface textures can be used to control the lubricant׳s flow.
Therefore, the Si-ncs and defects (as shallow traps, surface states, and localized states) always take part in the process of luminescence or absorption in the Si-ncs-defects system.
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