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The sheet music the singers hold is all transcribed, translated and transposed through a computer program that Mr. Hetland wrote in the mid-1980s and has been tweaking ever since.
The elements in class I (retroelements) are transposed through reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate, whereas the elements in class II (DNA transposons) are transposed through a cut-and-paste transposition mechanism [ 6].
According to the mechanism of their transposition, MGEs are usually classified into two broad categories: retroelements (or class I elements), which are transposed through the reverse transcription of an RNA template (retrotransposition), and DNA transposons (or class II elements), which are transposed through a classical DNA "cut-and-paste" transposition model.
In the same year, Costa [ 10] presented a totally closed videolaparoscopic procedure where the flap was dissected in the abdominal cavity and transposed through a subcutaneous tunnel to the thoracic wall; the procedure was also used to treat breast cancer patients.
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Transposable elements (TEs) are divided into two main classes depending on their mode of transposition [ 1]: class I elements transpose through an RNA intermediate using a reverse transcriptase, while class II elements transpose through a DNA intermediate.
TEs are divided into two classes: Class 1 elements (retrotransposons) transpose through reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate, whereas class 2 elements (DNA transposons) transpose through a DNA intermediate (Finnegan 1989; Feschotte et al. 2002).
Mariner is a Class II transposon (i.e., transposing through a cut-and-paste mechanism) belonging to the large Tc1-mariner-IS630 Tc1-mariner-IS630 Tc1-mariner-IS630superfamilyn almoftransposable of living organisms.
We did not sample any DNA transposon families, since their ability to transpose through a DNA intermediate violates the assumption that the number of unique substitutions represents its time since integration.
Class I elements, the retrotransposons transpose through a "copy and paste" mechanism, that is, after their transcription, the RNA is reverse transcribed and integrated into the genome, leading to the duplication of the original copy.
Helitrons lack TIRs, do not generate TSDs upon insertion, and are thought to transpose through a replicative rolling circle (RC) mechanism [ 2, 7] similar to that of bacterial IS91 elements [ 8].
Class I elements, which includes all REs, can transpose through a replicative mechanism which involves the transcription of an RNA intermediate by the enzyme machinery of the host cell, and subsequent retrotranscription to cDNA and integration into the host genome by the enzymes encoded by the retrotransposon RNA.
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