Equation 3 guarantees that the transportation quantity from plants to distributors cannot surpass the given plant capacity, if it is open in the mentioned period.
In the fuzzy environment, the transportation quantity of conveyance is essentially less than equal to its capacity, that is, ∑ p = 1 T ∑ i = 1 M ∑ j = 1 N x i j k ( p ) ≲ e k, k = 1, 2, 3, …, K. (19).
The objective of the proposed model is to seek the optimal number and location(s) of these CLSC facilities and determine the optimal transportation quantities, production quantities, purchasing quantities.
In literature, very few works have been developed for freight transportation at international level; most of them are simple models that neglect modal split and path choices and are used to support the estimation of freight transportation quantities.
Their two-stage stochastic mixed-integer programming model, which takes uncertain exchange rates and product demands into account, includes strategic investment decisions as well as decisions on production and transportation quantities.
The objective function of the model is to minimize the total cost of the supply chain network by determining a set of best suppliers, order allocation to selected suppliers, the location of facilities in each layer and transportation quantities between them.
The use of diluents allows the transportation of large quantity or volume of heavy crude oil and bitumen.
Specifically, this article considers two types of transportation discounts simultaneously: quantity discounts for inbound transportation cost and distance discounts for outbound transportation cost.
Considering many factors such as variations in price, terms and conditions, quality, quantity, transportation costs and distances, etc. of each supplier, the multiple sourcing situations usually involves taking complex decisions.
An integrated decision on production assignment, lot sizing, transportation, and order quantity for a multiple-suppliers/multiple-destinations logistics network in a global manufacturing system is discussed in this paper.
The first layer is the combined decisions of production assignment and lot sizing (APLS-M), while the second layer is the combined decisions of transportation and order quantity determination (TOO-M).
