Nonetheless, the study depicted that holistic transportation contributes an average of 11% for life cycle GHG emissions and that red meat is more energy-intensive than other food products.
At the same time, commuting times are too long: in 2009, the city's secretary of transportation estimated that an "average commuter" took one hour and 21 minutes to reach their destination.
Transportation cost per trip for inpatient or outpatient treatment was estimated assuming an average public transportation fare of 12 Gambian Dalasis, based on a previous Gambian study [ 56].
Professionals had an average transportation burden of about four hours, which was attributable to the one-third of counselling sessions that were conducted in patients' own homes.
Further, public transportation is not fully reliable; an average trip in the city using mass transit takes around ninety minutes.
After having established the features that an average massive transportation system should have, results continue being quite general, since there are great differences amongst some of the cities regarding criteria such as kilometres of lanes, quantity of users, distance between stations or infrastructure cost.
With regard to transportation cost (nonmedical direct cost), an average cost of US$5.03 for metformin, US$6.44 for glibenclamide, and US$22.92 for the metformin + glibenclamide combination was calculated.
Similarly, participants' transportation costs were applied as an average base cost of 30 minutes of time and 15 kilometres each way for all contacts.
The inclusion of CO2 from both the cogeneration process and fossil sources results in an average levelized cost of transportation of 26 US$/tCO25454% lower than transportation costs in the baseline case).
Despite all this talk about a potential double-dip recession, the Dow Jones transportation average, an index measuring the performance of 20 major air, rail, marine and trucking transportation stocks, is up by a surprising 8 percent so far this year.
An average transportation and handling charge of €0.070/km/tonne of poplar was adopted from Neuvonen, 2010 [ 55].
