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Although the major driving force of diversification was ecological change, the process of diversification involved a subtle interplay between ecology, genetic evolution and learned culturally transmitted traits.
The term "context bias" refers to our tendency to acquire socially transmitted traits as a function of who is transmitting them rather than what is getting transmitted (Henrich and McErleath 2003).
He also mentioned the problem of distinguishing vertically from horizontally transmitted traits, drawing a parallel between "foreign influence" due to language contact in language history, and "crossbreeding" in evolutionary biology 26 (Table 1B).
Of these three, it is human behavioral ecology that is most often called "sociobiology" due to its behavioral focus (evolutionary psychology focuses on psychology and dual inheritance theory varies between a behavioral and an ideational approach to socially transmitted traits, depending on the model).
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This outcome could have arisen due to an inherited or transmitted trait within the HCV genome.
Additional research during this time explored alternative mechanisms of inheritance, including epigenetic modification (the chemical modification of specific genes or gene-associated proteins), that could explain an organism's ability to transmit traits developed during its lifetime to its offspring.
This has an interesting consequence: if highly reliably transmitted cultural traits could be subject to natural selection, standard evolutionary methods and models of the sorts used in behavioral ecology could be used to understand the evolution of such traits.
In the context of this study, we aimed at isolating information derived by the observer (household head) by observing 'signals' transmitted by trait carriers (livestock or environmental attributes) that interested him (those 'signals' that made meaning to him).
This implies that females are critical in chimpanzees for transmitting cultural traits and maintaining cultural diversity.
In this regard, breeders require a sound knowledge of the lineage of the current sterile triploid cultivars, to select diploid parents that are able to transmit desirable traits, together with a breeding strategy ensuring final triploidization and sterility.
Dual-inheritance theory (DIT) seeks fruitful explanations of cultural phenomena by positing two related inheritance mechanisms: the genetic-replication mechanism familiar from biology, and a mechanism that transmits cultural traits between individuals who may or may not be related genetically.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com