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Figure 1 Transmission environments of digital audio.
However, few researchers consider the third and fourth transmission environments.
From this figure, transmission environments of an audio watermark may be concluded as follows.
However, the majority of the literature on network coding considers error-free transmission environments [1, 6 9]1.
Technologically, the extensive applications of wireless relay transmissions are impedimented by the undesirable features of the wireless transmission environments.
Hence, SVC can be applied in lossy transmission environments where graceful degradation of rate, format, and power adaptation exists.
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The importance and the impact of each feature depend on the application and the transmission environment.
Here, we are interested in non-binary codes where a noisy transmission environment is considered.
The diversity of [1] and data services in wireless transmission environment [2] makes the quality of wireless transmission data decrease.
Blurred contours occur very often in images, owing to object movements, light transmission environment, illumination changes, defocus, optical instrumentation, etc.
In an error-prone transmission environment, error concealment is an effective technique to reconstruct the damaged visual content.
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