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This study is particularly pertinent as it shows that a virus of lower pathogenicity but higher transmissibility has greater impact on humanity than a highly pathogenic, but poorly transmissible virus.
Second, transmission could increase the accumulation of respiratory droplet transmission enabling substitutions by concentrating a transmissible virus during excretion from or seeding into a host for example, if the adapted virus has increased tropism for the mammalian upper respiratory tract and therefore concentrated in the nose and throat.
(Kawaoka had publicly said earlier that his version of the mammal transmissible virus was not lethal in ferrets).
Pandemic outbreaks of influenza are caused by the emergence of a pathogenic and transmissible virus to which the human population is immunologically naïve.
Wouldn't it be nice if you could tell if your neighbors were infected with a deadly, transmissible virus before they became contagious?
Scientists once thought it was caused by a transmissible virus, much like cervical cancer in humans, but recent studies suggested the tumor cells themselves are spread from dog to dog, perhaps during sex or through oral contact with tumors.
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Each of Fouchier's transmissible viruses had at least nine mutations, five of which were shared by all.
The transmissible viruses were sensitive to the antiviral drug oseltamivir and reacted well with antisera raised against H5 influenza vaccine strains.
Responsible research on influenza virus transmission using different animal models is conducted by multiple laboratories in the world using the highest international standards of biosafety and biosecurity practices that effectively prevent the release of transmissible viruses from the laboratory.
The mechanisms that lead to the generation of these highly transmissible viruses appear to involve continuous, natural mutation and selection of variants that can infect the available susceptible equid population in a region.
Labs currently conducting H5N1 research use "the highest international standards of biosafety and biosecurity practices that effectively prevent the release of transmissible viruses from the laboratory," the authors note.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com