The word "translocation" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it to describe a change in position, such as when an organism moves from one area to another. For example, you might say, "The species underwent translocation when they moved to a nearby mountain range."
For example, the project required the translocation of more than 130 tortoises, half of which are now expected to die (despite the $22m spent by companies involved with the project to try and save them).In addition, the heat produced by the plant has killed dozens of migrating birds; outcry has only recently prompted a two-year study into the project's effects on them.
A cell bearing a heterozygous translocation has a full set of genes and will be viable unless one of the breaks causes damage within a gene or if there is a position effect on gene function.
Three main mechanisms have been identified: chromosomal translocation, gene amplification, and point mutation.
Chromosomal translocation has been linked to several types of human leukemias and lymphomas and, through comprehensive sequencing studies of the genomes of cancers, to epithelial tumours such as prostate cancer.
The minority of cri-du-chat cases are inherited; the parent who carries the genetic abnormality typically is unaffected by the disorder, owing to a phenomenon known as balanced translocation (chromosomal rearrangement in which there is no net gain or loss of genetic material).
These duplications and deletions usually result in inviability, so translocation heterozygotes are generally semisterile ("half-sterile").
Sometimes translocations do not generate a new gene but instead place an intact gene under the control of a regulatory element that normally acts on another gene.
Nonetheless, a small increased risk is generally cited for these couples to account for unusual situations, such as chromosomal translocations or gonadal mosaicism, described below.
Structural abnormalities of the autosomes are even more common in the population than are numerical abnormalities and include translocations of large pieces of chromosomes, as well as smaller deletions, insertions, or rearrangements.
For example, there are mixtures of chromosomes (mosaics), such as a 45,X and 46,XX chromosomal complement or a 45,X and 47,XXX chromosomal complement, and chromosomal translocations, in which a portion of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosome.
Translocations in the western United States restored the bighorn to some of its former range, but most herds are dangerously small or live in small ranges with no protected corridors for migration, and die-offs from livestock diseases still occur.
