Precytochrome b5 was cotranslationally translocated across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
Second, these O-units are translocated across the inner membrane to the periplasm via the flippase Wzx.
It is interesting to keep track of aroma volatiles synthesized and translocated across various developmental stages in scented rice.
In the future, we intend to explore how X12345 is recognized and translocated across cell inner membrane, and how X12345 and cell outer membrane interact to achieve excretion.
A part of the particles are removed from the lung by the mucociliary escalator, but a part is translocated across the alveolar epithelium [30 32].
preAd-mCYP11A1 hybrid molecules were shown to be translocated across the inner membrane and tightly associated with the membrane on its matrix side but not membrane inserted.
When the protein transduction domain of HIV-Tat (GRKKRRQRRR) was conjugated to 2.8 nm gold nanoparticles, TEM showed that it translocated across the cell membrane and was localized within the nucleus of human fibroblast cells [73].
In this pathway, the O-units are completely assembled in the cytoplasm, and the polymers are then translocated across the membrane by the ABC transporter (Linton and Higgins, 1998).
On the other hand, even at a low peptide-to-lipid ratio, they caused minimal membrane damage, such as flip-flop of membrane lipids or leakage of calcein molecules from liposomes, and never translocated across membranes.
As to the first possibility, there is no direct evidence of nucleotides being translocated across T3SS.
They are then translocated across the outer membrane through secretin pores [5], [6], [7], [8].
