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The CPSS was translated and back translated using recommended translation procedures.
Standard forward and back translation procedures were used to translate and adapt the MIDAS Questionnaire to produce the Bahasa Melayu version.
Standard forward and back translation procedures were used to translate and adapt the MIDAS questionnaire to produce the Bahasa Melayu version.
A German version was designed first and then forward and back translated into English according to standard translation procedures [ 14].
Following the lead of accepted translation procedures [ 27, 28] translators had to be experts in the medical field of tinnitus, native speakers of the target language (e.g. Italian) and fluent in the source language (i.e. English).
Given the difficulty of assessing the quality of the applied translation procedures and the equivalence of translated versions of the questionnaires, only studies examining the measurement properties of the original language version were included.
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Questionnaires that had not yet been translated were translated using a forward-backward translation procedure [ 37].
The questionnaire was translated to Norwegian by a professional translator, using a forward and backward translation procedure.
A standard translation procedure was used to translate and adapt the questionnaire into the Malay language.
Here, we made use of a double-back translation procedure by a qualified translator.
The repeated forward-backward translation procedure was applied to translate the BCIS from English into Taiwanese language.
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