Most studies determine mRNAs translation levels as log ratios of actively translated mRNAs divided by the corresponding cytosolic mRNA levels, obtained in parallel.
It has been shown that calculating mRNA translation levels as log ratios of actively translated mRNAs divided by the corresponding cytoplasmic mRNA results in a significant number of false positives and false negatives (Larsson et al., 2010).
In our experimental conditions eEF1γ-specific siRNA depletion does not affect global translation levels and in particular it does not significantly alter Vimentin translational level.
These miRNA switches control their translation levels by sensing miRNA activities.
In many cases, enzymatic activity fails to correlate with transcription or translation levels.
However, when, where, what and how much a gene is expressed are regulated precisely and dynamically at multiple levels, including at transcription, mRNA maturation, alternative splicing, and translation levels.
As amino acid charging of tRNA becomes limiting, only those tRNAs that can maintain charge can support high translation levels.
It is well known that point mutations in regulatory regions, such as promoter regions and RBS, can affect transcription and translation levels.
It can alter basal translation levels alone, while also marking the mRNA as one susceptible to regulation by an sRNA if and when the appropriate sRNA is transcribed.
Evidence of this phosphorylation activity decreasing overall translation in both T. brucei [15] and L. donovani [21] suggests a direct tie between ER stress and general translation levels in L. donovani.
This will consequently suppress the total transcription and translation levels.
