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The collection's Chinese-to-English trarelalson instruments are also discussed as matching semantic/linguistic resources are highly valued in AEC's text-based IR developments.
The direct outputs, the NCREE collection and its translation instruments, are sharable and reusable testing resources, while mechanisms for seeking collections from other researchers are part of the extended research endeavors.
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The language instrument consisted of two components: the paper translation instrument and the CD audio guide.
The majority of emergency physicians (20/25) had read the pre-study e-mails introducing the study, though only two thirds (16/25) had reviewed the attached document copy of the language translation instrument, and few (2/25) tried the sound clips on the audio CD.
The development of patient-reported outcomes measures such as WSWS for cross-cultural comparisons requires achieving "conceptual equivalence" between the original instrument and the target translation instrument [ 14- 16].
The translation of instruments of death into instruments of computer-programmed plink-a-plunk may seem awfully arch, but it captivates when you see it and hear it: festivalism in excelsis.
TC questionnaire, used in the present study, consists of three main sections namely: Translation Notions Instrument (TNI), Translation Problems Instrument (TPI) and Translation Error Instrument (TEI).
The English version of the questionnaire was adapted and translated according to guidelines that are widely accepted for the successful translation of instruments in cross-cultural research [ 31].
Translation problems Instruments 3.
Translation Notions Instruments 2.
Translation Errors Instruments .
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