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It is also the first planetary system where transiting planets were confirmed through transit timing variations method, allowing to calculate the masses of planets.
In fact, such transit timing variations provide information on the masses of the planets.
Transit timing variations even show "indications" of the existence of nontransiting planets in some of the multiplanet systems, says Kepler principal investigator William Borucki of NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffet Field, California.
"We are bringing transit timing variations to maturity," Kipping said.
Transit timing variation (TTV) When multiple planets are present, each one slightly perturbs the others' orbits.
The find is an apparent validation of what scientists call the transit timing variation method of finding extrasolar planets.
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In a case of classic mass-transit timing, the city announced an ambitious plan in 1929, a month before the stock market crashed, to vastly expand subway service, particularly to the boroughs outside Manhattan.
All patients underwent a standard sleep study, using the minimal patient contact sleep diagnosis system (VISI-3, Stowood Scientific Instruments Ltd (SSI), Oxford), which included the following parameters: digital Video/audio, calibrated sound level measurement, electrocardiography, R-R timing, pulse transit time, airflow, respiratory effort, body position and movement.
The extent (augmentation index, AIX%) and timing (reflected wave transit time, RWT, ms) of aortic wave reflection (measured using radial applanation pulse wave analysis, PWA, SphygmoCor device) were assessed on a single occasion in 114 consecutive RA patients without overt CV disease aged 40 65 years.
Transit-timing variation can also be used to find planets' masses.
Some of the Kepler transiting planets with radii in the range 1 4 Earth radii have had their masses measured by radial-velocity or transit-timing methods.
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