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He foreswore most forms of community life, avoiding civilization as "the enemy of man" and a "transient sickness".
This transient sickness response to BCG is followed by changes in affective behaviour (Moreau et al., 2008; O'Connor et al., 2009a,b 2009b).
This bacterial cell wall constituent stimulates the formation of cytokines and evokes a transient sickness response (Dantzer et al., 2008), and under particular circumstances, promotes the development of depression-like behaviour (Painsipp et al., 2010).
We found that the maternal LPS challenge induces a typical and transient sickness response and, critically, altered developmental programming with abnormal blastocyst cell lineage allocation and led to postnatal changes in behaviour, adiposity and, following innate immune challenge, in cytokine release.
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This can be transient, known as "sickness behaviour", as well as chronic such as in case of stress-induced depression [21] or depressive disorders [24].
Cyanobacterial LPS doses of 7 mg/kg also initiated transient hypothermia and sickness behaviour, although at markedly lower intensity and duration than was seen with E. coli LPS at 4 mg/kg [ 156].
In the short term, maternal LPS challenge induced a transient and typical maternal sickness response (elevated serum proinflammatory cytokines and hypoactive behaviour).
LPS from several cyanobacterial isolates induced sickness behaviour and transient hypothermia at doses of 70 mg/kg i.p.; similar responses in positive control animals were seen after i.p. injection of 4 mg/kg E. coli LPS.
This is consistent with a rapid, transient effect of psychological stress on sickness responses to typhoid vaccine in humans.
Immune challenge of mice with Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) has been reported to cause transient weight loss and a behavioural sickness response.
In conclusion, it is demonstrated that a transient inflammatory activation, likely working through symptoms of sickness behavior, affects both subjectively perceived health for the moment as well as how health status on the more general level is appraised.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com