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At the same time, transient down modulation of BSP and RECK in the osteogenic cells can specifically affect the organization of mature bone ECM.
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During early chondrogenic differentiation in spheroid cultures ITM2A levels remained low in MSC and a transient down-regulation occurred in ASC correlating with successful chondrogenesis.
Assuming that HoxD-11 expression affects growth rates [17], we can hypothesize that transient down-regulation of HoxD-11 may relate to the partial reduction of these digits.
Based on our results we argue that the transient down-regulation of the Nanog expression in ES cells is a functional feature of these populations to regulate the susceptibility for differentiation signals.
A phenomenon particular to the alligator forelimb is a transient down-regulation of HoxD-11 expression in the posterior region of digits 4 and 5 at stage 16, as indicated by the black arrow.
To establish whether the TAP-2 deficiency displayed by OE19 is due to a transient down-regulation, OE19 was treated at several time points with different concentrations of IFN-γ: after 24 hours it was already possible to observe an up-regulation of TAP-2 in OE19, which notably increased after 48 hours (Fig. 5D).
GABPα and GABPβ displayed a similar expression pattern during differentiation of white and brown fat cells, with a transient down-regulation at days 1 and 2 (except for GABPα in Rb−/− cells) as well as a second down-regulation at the terminal stages of differentiation (days 6 and 8) (Fig. 5B).
A transient down-regulation of the dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase gene (ec 1.1.1.219) was recorded at 90 DAF (Additional file 5).
Gene network analyses suggest that changes in the activity of Fhl1 and PAC/RRPE-associated factors result in the transient down-regulation of genes involved in energetically costly programs of ribosomal biogenesis, protein synthesis, and rRNA transcription/processing.
However, the observation that neonatal exposure to both Aroclor 1254 and DES results in a similar phenotype by PND30 suggests that the transient down-regulation of Wnt7a triggers a permanent reprogramming of the developing reproductive tract.
Other RNA species (VIP, CD44, integrin-α-6) accumulated more slowly i.e. between 2 and 4 hrs following ts v-Src activation and did not show the transient down-regulation observed for the IL8/CEF-4 mRNA.
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