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If two unstandardized score functions through standardization are transformed to equal 13 standardized score functions they are referred to as being equivalent.
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Relative expression ratios from RT-qPCR experiments were tested for normality and equal variance and log transformed to allow assumptions to be satisfied before being subjected to one way ANOVA using Minitab 16.1 software (Minitab Inc., UK).
Data in each array are transformed to make these parameters equal to 0 and 1, correspondingly.
Note that, if necessary, the size parameter x referring to the circumscribing sphere can be easily transformed to the size parameter of equal-volume sphere xeq through the packing density ρ as follows: xeq = ρ1/3x.
The normalized values were transformed to log2 format to ensure equal weighting for gains and losses.
All SMP-T2D scores were transformed to a 0 100 scale, with equal increments between responses.
The total score is presented as a number between 0 (best) and 2,100 (worst), or transformed to a score where 100% equals normal shoulder function and 0% is the worst possible outcome.
Also by setting the sum of and equal to, this JSCC is transformed to joint compression and error detection.
If the data set lacked either normal distribution or equal variance, data were log10 transformed to obtain normally distributed data.
SCRs that were greater than or equal to zero were square root transformed to normalize the data.
To obtain normal distribution and equal variances, weight of the dung pat was transformed to the 1.5 root prior to analysis according to the formula (Weight-1.5).
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