But since 9/11, security and enforcement have been transformed, aided by grants from the Department of Homeland Security that have underwritten more and better boats and manpower.
"Current therapies have transformed Aids into a chronic illness, but the root of the problem – the virus – hasn't been eliminated, only suppressed," says Dr Kamel Khalili, chair of the department of Neuroscience at Temple and a lead author of the study.
The political changes of the past 18 months have transformed the aid environment; as sanctions have been lifted, most of the big Western donors have begun offering substantial assistance for the first time in more than a decade.
The food aid initiative, agreed upon at the Group of 8 summit meeting, is intended to transform traditional aid to poorer countries beyond simply donated produce, grains and meats to assistance building infrastructure and training farmers to grow their own food and get it to market more efficiently.
International development programs strive not only to alleviate poverty but to transform people, aid workers and recipients alike.
For traditional high-street law offices, the proposals contained in the Ministry of Justice's consultation on transforming legal aid are a destructive threat to their continued existence.
But the coalition's consultation on transforming legal aid, which closed on 4 June, has provoked a desperate legal revolt that is beginning to reverberate as the implications of the proposed £220m cuts are understood.
Beyond creating the opportunity to reflect and respond to data, we believe that when reporting is done right, it can transform the aid transparency debate by creating a comprehensive way of showing donors where their investments are used and their actual impact.
I'm watching Bono give his speech on Social Enterprise and Social Movements at Georgetown University talking about transforming economic aid and disease and poverty through entrepreneurship, youth, mobile technology, mobile banking and more.
"To frontline workers, it is a visit for transforming the Aids response in Africa". Many Aids workers and activists would prefer US money to be channelled through the UN global fund - which has given grants for approved treatment programmes to 93 countries - rather than through bilateral initiatives.
Meanwhile, Nicolas Sarkozy transformed Kouchner from aid worker to statesman.
