Sentence examples for transformation of fibroblast from inspiring English sources
MEK activation through the MAPK signaling cascade is necessary for mammalian cell transformation, and constitutively active MEK mutants promote transformation of fibroblast cells [14, 15].
A previous study demonstrated that PAK1 kinase activity is required for the Ras-induced transformation of fibroblast cells [ 14].
Focal adhesion kinase [pY861] is also crucial for RAS-mediated transformation of fibroblast (Lim et al, 2004).
On the other hand, neoplastic cells can induce the transformation of fibroblast cells to adapt to the tumor microenvironment and co-evolve with tumor cells to foster malignancy.
However, several observations suggest that IGF-IR may be required for maintaining the transformed state: IGF-IR is required for the transformation of fibroblasts by SV40 [ 57], it is able to improve the efficiency of EGFR signaling in tamoxifen-resistant cells [ 52], and its inhibition enhances the inhibitory effects of gefitinib in breast cancer cells [ 58].
In addition, the transformation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is also accompanied by the expression of α-SMA.
In the meantime, we determine the effects of NF-κB activation on the activated transformation of fibroblasts.
Our data suggest that the activated transformation of fibroblasts from normal to active status is accompanied by a gradual downregulation of miR-200b/c.
Because the classical phenotypic properties commonly associated with transformation of fibroblasts cannot be generally used to discriminate tumorigenic from non-tumorigenic epithelial cells4 9, this phosphoprotein, which identifies tumorigenic cells of both fibroblastic and epithelial origin, is likely to be of particular importance.
Furthermore, Toretsky's data [34] showed that IGF1R is required for the EWS/FLI-1 transformation of fibroblasts.
More directly, one study determined that expression of a loss-of-function mutant of the PRC1 component PC2 resulted in the cellular transformation of fibroblasts [20].
