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We then present template protocols for the transformation of bacteria in modified natural systems, such as in the presence of host tissues and extracts or in the greenhouse.
LVS-GFP and iglC-GFP were obtained by transformation of bacteria with pFNLTP6 pgro-gfp, provided by Dr. Zahrt [31].
Mutants were constructed by allelic exchange mutagenesis following transformation of bacteria with purified linear DNA containing the kanamycin or spectinomycin resistance genes (aphA3 and aad9, respectively).
Transposon-based transformation of R. montanensis follows that of R. prowazekii [37], [38], [41] and R. monacensis [39], [30], albeit without the high efficiency typical of plasmid transformation of bacteria.
Identical constructs were used for protein expression in vitro and also for transformation of bacteria and expression in vivo.
It is well known that linearizing a circular DNA plasmid markedly reduces its efficiency of transformation of bacteria.
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After transformation of JM109 bacteria, we amplified, extracted, and purified the plasmids using a Midiprep Kit (Quiagen).
These findings could be associated with growth arrest and witnessed transformation of the bacteria to a spore-like form.
With reference to intraocular infections, the transformation of commensal bacteria into virulent forms has not been studied at molecular level.
As an alternative to chemical pesticides, paratransgenesis relies on transformation of symbiotic bacteria of an arthropod vector to deliver molecules that disrupt pathogen transmission.
Transformation of the bacteria with the V gene and the mock DNA fragment in a 1 4 molar ratio resulted in the insertion of the V gene in 25% of the clones (10 out of 40 clones).
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