Osborne [ 71] pointed out that for some transformations numbers between 0 and 1 are treated differently than numbers above 1.
The following variables had skewed distributions that required a log10 transformation: total number of unprotected sex acts; number of unprotected anal sex acts; number of unprotected oral sex acts; number grams of methamphetamine used; and number of months HIV-positive.
Using the protocol developed, 34% of the calli infected were hyg B resistant, and the overall plant transformation frequency (number of independently transformed plants over number of calli infected) was 8%.
Transformation efficiency (number of transformants/µg of plasmid) for low, medium and large sized amplification products.
A transformation of number of correlated variables into a smaller number of uncorrelated principal components was not desired either, because we wanted to identify single compounds with potential to explain bird attraction.
Further studies demonstrated that by reducing the concentration of DNA used for transformation, the number of such double transformants could be reduced and also result in higher overall transformation efficiency (data not shown).
Over the next 40 years, the law spawned a cultural transformation: the number of women competing in college sports has soared by more than 500 percent — to 186,000 a year from fewer than 30,000 in 1972.
As it was with the automobile industry transformation, a number of modern innovators will probably face serious difficulties, some will merge with competitors and some will just disappear.
With this transformation the number of DOFs necessary to study the coupled elastic/rigid dynamic is reduced.
