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The microstructural organization is consistent with a stress-induced amorphization process whereby, under severe mechanical conditions, the crystal to amorphous transformation is mediated by slip bands containing a high density of dislocations.
Using aberration-corrected high annular angle dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and density functional theory (DFT), the authors demonstrate that the ω-to-α phase transformation is mediated by vacancy ordering.
This role is unlike that in H. pylori, in which transformation is mediated by double-strand DNA (dsDNA) and active RMSs play an important role in limiting recombination length by cleaving dsDNA (Lin et al. 2009), homologous recombination in Nm generally occurs via transformation in competent strains, mediated by fragments of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) (Dubnau 1999).
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Taken together, these results suggest that the effects of NUP98-HOXA9 on gene transcription and cell transformation are mediated by at least two distinct mechanisms: one that involves promoter binding through the homeodomain with direct transcriptional activation, and another that depends predominantly on the NUP98 moiety and does not involve direct DNA binding.
Along those lines, Prdx1 tumour suppression of Ras- or ErbB-2-induced transformation was mediated mainly via PTEN.
These two transformations are mediated by phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH or henna) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH or pale) respectively.
This cascade originates in the hepatic secretion of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, then proceeds as a sequential metabolic continuum in the blood, where lipoprotein particle transformations are mediated by the actions of various lipolytic enzymes and lipid transfer proteins, and reaches its completion by generation of LDL particles.
It is well established by NIH/3T3 cells transformation assays that PDGFB, but not PDGFA, is a potent transforming growth factor [ 4, 5], suggesting that the transformation process is mediated by PDGFRB.
17-AAG could still reactivate the SDH enzyme in mitochondria of TRAP1-expressing cells undergoing the focus-forming process, indicating that even the enhanced inhibition of SQR activity occurring during the in vitro transformation progression is mediated by TRAP1 and remains reversible.
Contaminant chemical transformation (if applicable) is mediated by iron corrosion products (e.g., FeII, FeIII, Fe3O4 and/or H2) but even reduced species (e.g., reaction products) must be removed to a level below the maximum contaminant level (MCL) allowed.
Natural competence for genetic transformation in S. pneumoniae is mediated by a quorum sensing-regulated system.
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