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The seed yields of these transformants were lower than those of the wild-type plants.
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As compared to the double transformed cells described above, the synphilin-1-induced toxicity levels were lower in these single transformants.
Although the laccase activity of co-transformant L 61 is lower than that of typical white-rot fungus T. versicolor, the activity was similar to that of P. coccineus.
Although the laccase activity of co-transformant L 61 was lower than that of typical white-rot fungus T. versicolor, the activity was similar to that of P. coccineus (Fig. 3b).
Further analysis revealed that transformant SLA was lower than WT SLA in elevated [CO2] (F1,15 = 8.75 p < 0.01).
The mean of aphids on transformants was significantly lower throughout the assay period than that of the controls (p < 0.05).
However, specific growth rates of the transformants were similar or even lower than WT at later periods.
GUS transcript levels in Col-0 and Rld transformants were, respectively, 2.2- and 1.4-fold lower than in C24 transformants and 1.7- and 1.1-fold lower than in Kas transformants.
Ethidium bromide-resistant transformants were selected in a single step, but at a transformation frequency of 10−6 to 10−7, 10- to 20-fold lower than that for transformants transformed with a spectinomycin resistance cassette under the same conditions.
However, when the transformants were inoculated with conidia of powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe cichoracearum, HR-like local lesions were produced on the lower leaves of the plants harboring 35S-hrpZ as well as PAL-hrpZ.
Transformants were grown to exponential phase in synthetic complete medium and then diluted to OD600 = 0.1 and grown in microtiter plates (lower ) or on agar plates (upper ).
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