Interestingly, the expression of cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) significantly decreased in transformants highly expressing POSWOI, such as transformants of POS-10 and POS-20.
Many transformation methods, such as ballistic transformation [ 7] or whiskers transformation [ 8] yield a high proportion of transformants with highly differing numbers of transgenes and only a small proportion of primary transformants with low copy numbers.
The initial efficiency of approximately 2.4 × 10 transformants μg-1 DNA paled in comparison to electrotransformation levels achieved with other species of Clostridium (up to 10 transformants μg-1 DNA [ 35]) and prevented transfer of low-level-transforming vectors, such as pSY6catP (discussed below).
Plants with only two components, such as PC transformants and PBcpl1 transformants, did not produce anthocyanins more than control plants (Table 1 and data not shown).
The results in Table 3 demonstrate that the transformation frequency increased in relation to the co-cultivation time and bacterial dosage, although prolonged co-cultivation periods (at 72 hours) and co-cultivation using a high concentration of A. tumefaciens (OD660 = 1.0) tended to yield transformants with severe growth defects such as impaired hyphal elongation and conidiation.
In all the transformants analyzed, except in organelles such as the nucleus, vacuoles, and small vesicles, the fluorescent signals were evenly distributed throughout cells, indicating that EhPAPase1 to -3 are localized in the cytosol (Fig. 4).
The complementation of the arr22-2 and arr22-3 mutants with a genomic ARR22 fragment (gARR22) resulted in T1 transformants with severe developmental abnormalities, such as dwarfism, delayed abscission of flower organs and a pollen release defect resulting in sterility.
In contrast, the stigmas of SRK-SCR transformants of some other accessions, such as Col-0 and Rld, express transient SI: they exhibit a robust SI response only during a narrow window of stigma development (stage 13 and early stage 14), after which the ability of their stigmas to inhibit "self" pollen is weakened and they set seed (Nasrallah et al. 2002).
The fluorescent signals detected in these transformants were distributed throughout cells, except in organelles such as the nucleus, vacuoles, and small vesicles (Fig. 1).
