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For the first time, we transform the equilibrium problem of the background neural network with firing rate into a root problem of a cubic equation.
Let U n = S n − S ∗ and V n = I n − I ∗, then we transform the equilibrium E 2 ( S ∗, I ∗ ) of model (4) into the origin.
In this study, we formulate the network design problem as a single-level optimization problem with equilibrium constraints, and then we transform the equilibrium constraints into a set of mixed-integer constraints and linearize the travel time function.
For convenience, we first transform the equilibrium E 1 = (u*, v*) to the origin via the translation û = u - λ ∕ ( 1 - c 11 c 22 ), v ^ = v - ( z 1 - c 11 λ ∕ ( 1 - c 11 c 22 ) ) and drop the hats for simplicity of notation, then system (2.1) is transformed into u t = d 1 Δ u + a 11 u + a 12 v + f ( u, v ), v t = d 2 Δ v + a 21 u + a 22 v + g ( u, v ), (2.2).
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For all considered problems, adding joint damping transforms the equilibrium points into sets of equilibria and bifurcations of the non-smooth problems occur near the linear stability threshold.
One can mathematically transform the non-equilibrium boundary conditions for a thermal transport process into a mechanical field.
During this procedure, the first step is to transform the two-dimensional equilibrium equations from a hyper-static system into an isostatic system by augmenting them with the two-dimensional compatibility equations.
In an even more physical interpretation, if an endemic equilibrium is locally stable then all epidemiological situations not so much different from the given stable equilibrium will (with time) evolve to (or transform into) the equilibrium point.
It slowly transforms into the equilibrium phase r-Al2Ti during annealing.
In particular, the set of zero points of the maximal monotone operator problem can be transformed into the equilibrium problem.
The matrix fully crystallised to α-Fe and contained (Fe,Ti -B rich particles at 730 °C, which transFe,Ti -Bo the equilibrich TiB2 particles755 °C.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com